Тексти про систему освіти в різних країнах, а саме в Росії, Великобританії і Америці пропонуються для читання на заключному етапі вивчення теми «Schooling & Education». Ви вже прочитали текст про систему освіти в Росії на англійській мові і повторили слова:
compulsory, primary education, secondary education, comprehensive, ability, entrance exams, specialized schools, profound knowledge, academic subjects, higher education, enter a university, take exams, pass exams, fail exams
Тепер читаємо текст про систему освіти у великій Британії (Education in Britain). Специфічні слова, що стосуються системи освіти у Великобританії, виділені червоним кольором.
Education in Britain
(text about the British Educational System)
- stage — ступінь
- grammar school — гімназія
- national exam — державний іспит
- General Certificate of Secondary Education — Атестат про загальну середню освіту
- 6th form — шостий клас (відповідає 10-11 класу в російській системі освіти)
- further education — подальше освіта
- accept — приймати
- graduate from — закінчувати
- private school — приватна школа
- provide education — надавати освіту
- boarding school — школа з проживанням
- Oxford and Cambridge — найстаріші британські університети
- public school — англійська приватна школа для аристократії
- Eton — відома приватна елітна школа
- assessment — оцінювання
Education in Britain is compulsory from 5 till 16. The first stageis primary school (5-11). Children start primary school at 5 and continue until they are 11. In primary school pupils are taught the so-called three “R”: reading, writing and arithmetic.
The second stage is secondary school, which children start at 11. Secondary schools are called comprehensive, they are free and take children of all abilities, without entrance exams. There are also grammar schools which take children who pass the 11 plus exams. At 16 pupils take a national exam called GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education or “O” level (Ordinary) and they can leave school if they wish and start working. This is the end of compulsory education. Some 16-year-olds continue their studies in the 6th form ( at school or at a sixth-form college). The 6th form prepares pupils for a national exam called A level (advanced) at the age of 18. You need “A” level to enter a university. If you don’t enter a university you can go to college of further education to study more practical such things as hairdressing, typing, cooking etc.
The third stage is further education at university college or. Universities and colleges of higher education accept students with A-levels. Most students graduate at 21 or 22 and are given their degree. Generally universities award two kinds of degree: the bachelor’s degree and the master’s degree. Взагалі in Britain there are about 100 universities. The oldest and the most famous of them are Oxford and Cambridge.
In Britain there are also private schools. They are expensive but considered to provide a better education and good job opportunities. Private schools are boarding schools, where the children actually live in the school.
The most famous private schools are called “public” schools and they have a long history and traditions. Children from wealthy and aristocratic families often go to the same public schools as their parents and grand parents. The best of known these schools is Eton.
Some more facts about education in Britain:
Education In Britain is compulsory, but schooling is not. It means that parents have right to educate their children at home if they wish. But the authorities have no right to enter people’s homes or make routine checks on children’s progress. The responsibility rests on the parents.
Children learn in different ways and at different times and speed and that is the main reason that some parents choose home education for their children. Some other reasons are:
- distance from school — відстань від школи
- religious beliefs — релігійні переконання
- dissatisfaction with the system — незадоволеність системою
- bulling — залякування
- child’s unwillingness or inability to go to school — небажання або нездатність вчитися
- special educational needs — особливі освітні потреби
Підведемо підсумки інформації про систему освіти у Великобританії:
- There are three stages of education in Britain:
2. There is the National Curriculum (державний навчальний план), which was introduced in Britain in 1988. It tells pupils what subjects they have to study, what they must learn and when they have to take assessment tests.
3. There are three types of state secondary schools in Britain:
1) grammar schools (for the most intelligent children)
2) modern schools (for less intelligent children)
3) comprehensive schools ( for children of all abilities, without entrance exams)
Grammar schools lead towards higher education, the others give general education to prepare students for employment.
Перевірте себе, чи запам’ятали ви нові слова: stage, grammar school, national exam, General certificate of secondary education, further education, to accept, to graduate from, to provide education, private school, boarding school, public school, assessment.
Читайте ще нескладні тексти англійською про систему освіти в різних країнах:
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