This article is about disasters. You will know what kinds of stroms are the most desctructive and how they appear. Three texts about disasters help you to master the vocabulary on the topic Nature. Список англійських слів №2 (intermediate)
The Hurricane Catrine
Disasters. Texts in English for reading (intermediate)
Запам’ятайте: a hurricane [‘h?r?kein] — ураган, a typhoon [,tai’fu:n] — тайфун, a tornado [t??’ne?d?u] — торнадо, a cyclone [‘sa?kl?un] -циклон, a blizzard [‘bl?z?d] — заметіль, a snowstorm [‘sn?ust??m] — сніжна буря, a thunderstorm [‘??nd?st??m] — гроза
The contents:
- Text №1 «Kinds of Storms»
- Text №2 «Hurricanes»
- Text №3 «Typhoons» (із завданнями)
- Tasks on Disasters
Text №1. Kinds of Storms
Storms are an important part of weather. Storms can produce hard rain, blowing snow, large hail, or damaging winds. There are different kinds of storms.
Let us start with a blizzard. It is a heavy snowstorm with very strong cold winds that can be blinding. A blizzard happens in the winter, when very cold air from the Arctic moves south and meets warmer air. In the result a blizzard starts. It has blowing snow and makes it difficult for people to drive or walk anywhere. If a blizzard is coming, it is better to stay indoors.
What is a blizzard» in Russian?
Another storm is a hurricane, which starts over the ocean. The winds get faster and heavy clouds are formed. First, the hurricane grows, it can be hundreds of miles wide and last days or weeks. But finally it gets weaker and disappears.
Hurricanes form between June and December, but they occur most often in September. They usually happen along the Atlantic Coast or in the Gulf of Mexico.
In hurricane season, the weather service keeps a close watch. If a storm starts, warnings are sent out so that people in the area can go indoors or leave town, waiting for the storm to pass.
A hurricane gets a name. The first storm of the year gets a person’s name that starts with the letter A. The second storm gets the letter B. Each storm that year gets a name beginning with a new letter of the alphabet.
One of the strongest windstorms of all is a tornado. It typically starts on a hot, sticky, cloudy afternoon. A tornado is formed when dry air from the north meets wet air from the south, causing dark clouds to form. The dark clouds start to change at the bottom, and a funnellike shape forms. This funnel grows until it reaches the ground, and then it starts to travel, roaring as it goes.
Tornadoes hit mostly in the Midwest of the USA, but they can also occur in other areas of the country. Usually tornadoes occur in the spring or the summer. The storm does not usually last long, and the funnel soon disappears or moves on. People are advised to stay in a cellar and wait until the storm is over.
There are other types of storms, too, which add beauty and excitement to our lives. A snowstorm brings billions of snowflakes. When they are examined, no two are exactly alike. Each tiny криву has its own shape and beauty.
Almost everyone has awakened during a thunderstorm in the middle of the night. The noisy thunder and the bright lightning startle and excite spectators.
There are gentle rainstorms, too. When people hear the soft sounds of quiet, falling rain, they often feel peaceful. Sometimes rainbow appears in the sky as an enormous arch of colored stripes.
To sum up there are many kinds of storms, some of which cause extreme kinds of weather. Others bring a simple beauty to us. Storms of all kinds are a part of our lives.
Answer the questions.
1. What kinds of storms can you name now?
2.What do the strong winds of a blizzard do?
3. Where does a hurricane start?
4. What sometimes happens after it rains?
5. Why is it important to know about storms?
Text №2. Hurricanes
A hurricane is a powerful storm which rotates around its center. The central part of a hurricane is called the eye. The eye is usually 10 to 40 miles in diameter and is free of rain and large clouds. The band of tall, dark clouds surrounding the eye is called the eyewall.
The rotating wind of the hurricane is incredibly strong and reaches the speed of 119 km per hour. It has a counterclockwise direction. A hurricane also contains rain, thunder and lightning.
Hurricanes are formed over in the warm oceans near the Equator. These hurricanes are called tropical cyclones. If a hurricane is formed in the western Pacific Ocean, it is called a typhoon.
Hurricanes move from the ocean to the coast cause and huge waves, which together with violent wind can bring about extensive destruction. But hardly it reaches the land, it weakens as it is warm water that fuels a hurricane. On the same reason hurricanes are never born in the cold oceans.
The Hurricane season in the Atlantic Ocean is from June,1 till November, 30.
The Hurricane season in the Eastern Pacific Ocean is from May,15 till November, 30.
Since 1950, all storms have been given names. The first human name was given to the Hurricane Alice in 1953. Usually storms the were given female names, the first male name was Bob (1979).
Questions:
- What is a hurricane?
- In what direction does a hurricane rotate?
- What is called a a typhoon?
- Which way do hurricanes travel?
- When do hurricanes occur?
Practice the [h]-sound: In Hertford Hereford and Hampshire hurricanes hardly ever happen. — [?n ?h??tf?d ?her?f?d ?nd ?h?mp?? ?h?r?k?nz ?h??dli ?ev? ?h?p?n]
Text №3. Typhoons
- Typhoons are probably one of the most … (руйнівні) happenings of nature.
- The … (ефекти) they produce are most often terrible.
- Typhoons have … (викликали) the death of many people, much suffering and a great … (пошкодження) to property.
- Western scientists are now investigating the … (причини) of typhoons.
- They hope that their studies will enable them … (передбачати) the destructive phenomenon.
- They also believe that they’ll be able to develop ways of … (скорочення) the destructive effects of typhoons.
- At present, the ability to predict the time, place and size of typhoons is very … (обмежена).
- However, American scientists have made … (значний) progress in predicting areas in which typhoons may… (відбуватися).
- .. (дослідження) will help engineers in designing and building … (захисні) structures for areas that often … (страждають) from typhoons.
- Thus, science has a great … (творчий) potential to defend our lives.
Tasks on the topic «Disasters»
Task 1. Watch the video «What is a hurricane?» (pre-intermediate)
* * *
Task 2. Watch the video «How a hurricane is born?» (upper-intermediate)
What familiar words did you hear? Watch again and make a list of them.
Task 3. Write on your own. Describe a storm that you have experienced.
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